While the Suzuki repertoire is likely to be very useful to an adult, the Method is intended for children and should not be used for an adult without significant adaptation.
How do I get a cheap violin?
You should rent until you've saved up to get something higher-quality. Beware of "bargains" on Amazon or eBay.
How quickly do adult starters learn?
Most people who start in their teens or later can reach an intermediate level in two to five years (with daily practice and a good teacher).
Do I need talent to play the violin?
The amount and quality of your practice, along with teacher quality, impact progression far more than innate aptitude for the violin.